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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Novel Object Recognition Test for the Investigation of Learning and Memory in Mice
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Novel Object Recognition Test for the Investigation of Learning and Memory in Mice

Published on: August 30, 2017

Theophylline impairs memory/learning in developing mice.

Mieko Hirose1, Hiroyuki Yokoyama, Kazuie Iinuma

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai city 980-8574, Japan. mhirose@ped.med.tohoku.ac.jp

Brain & Development
|September 8, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Theophylline impaired memory and learning in developing mice, prolonging retention trial transfer latency. It also increased locomotor activity in developing and adolescent mice, suggesting potential impacts on children's learning and behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Theophylline is a medication used to treat respiratory diseases.
  • Its effects on cognitive functions, particularly during development, require further investigation.
  • Existing clinical studies suggest a link between theophylline use and learning difficulties in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of theophylline on memory and learning in developing mice.
  • To assess the effects of theophylline on spontaneous locomotor activity in young mice.
  • To correlate animal study findings with clinical observations in children.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the elevated plus-maze test to evaluate memory and learning.
  • Measured spontaneous locomotor activity and rearing behavior.

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

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  • Administered theophylline to mice at different developmental stages (21, 30, and 42 days old).

    • Main Results:

    • Theophylline significantly prolonged transfer latency in the retention trial for 21- and 30-day-old mice.
    • A dose-dependent increase in spontaneous locomotor activity was observed in all age groups post-administration.
    • No significant effects were noted 24 hours after drug administration.

    Conclusions:

    • Therapeutic doses of theophylline can impair memory and learning specifically in developing mice.
    • Theophylline enhances locomotor activity in both developing and adolescent mice.
    • Findings suggest theophylline may contribute to learning disabilities and hyperactivity in infants and young children.