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Left ventricular function in endurance-trained children by tissue Doppler imaging.

Stéphane Nottin1, Long-Dang Nguyen, Mohamed Terbah

  • 1Laboratory of Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise, Faculty of Sciences, Avignon, France. stephane.nottin@univ-avignon.fr

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|September 9, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Endurance training improves cardiac function in children and adults by enhancing left ventricular (LV) filling and relaxation. However, cardiac hypertrophy adaptations differ between prepubescent boys and adult men.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Science
  • Pediatric Cardiology

Background:

  • Endurance training enhances resting stroke volume in both children and adults, primarily through improved left ventricular (LV) filling.
  • Understanding the specific cardiac adaptations in response to training across different age groups is crucial for optimizing exercise prescriptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the left ventricular (LV) morphological and functional changes that increase cardiac filling during endurance training are consistent between children and young adults.
  • To compare cardiac adaptations in response to endurance training in prepubescent boys and adult men.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized standard echocardiography to assess LV morphology and function in trained and untrained children and adults.
  • Employed tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) to evaluate LV relaxation properties and estimate LV filling pressures.

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Main Results:

  • Adult cyclists exhibited LV morphological adaptations, including increased LV internal diameters, wall thickness, and mass.
  • Child cyclists did not show significant cardiac hypertrophy compared to untrained boys, suggesting age-dependent morphological responses.
  • Both boys and men demonstrated similar improvements in LV systolic and diastolic function, characterized by enhanced LV relaxation and increased filling velocities, with normal LV filling pressures.

Conclusions:

  • Improved LV relaxation properties and normal LV filling pressures in trained individuals of all ages indicate physiological hypertrophy.
  • The distinct LV morphological adaptations in trained children warrant further research to determine if they represent blunted hypertrophy before puberty.