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[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by Aspergillus niger--a case report]
Hiroo Miyazaki1, Hitoshi Gemma, Keiichi Uemura
1Department of Respiratory Disease, Fukuroi Municipal Hospital, 2515-1 Kuno, Fukuroi, Shizuoka 437-0061, Japan.
Summary
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis can be caused by Aspergillus niger exposure in occupational settings. Prompt diagnosis and removal from exposure are key for managing this lung condition.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Occupational Health
- Immunology
Background:
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immune-mediated lung disease.
- Occupational exposures are a common cause of HP.
- Identifying the causative antigen is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Observation:
- A 52-year-old woman presented with severe cough and hypoxemia.
- Chest imaging revealed diffuse ground-glass opacities.
- Bronchoalveolar lavage showed increased lymphocytes, and biopsy confirmed lymphocyte alveolitis.
Findings:
- The patient's symptoms improved upon removal from her greenhouse work environment and recurred upon re-exposure.
- Aspergillus niger was identified as the predominant organism in the Rockwool used for rose culture.
- Specific antibodies (precipitins) to Aspergillus niger were detected, and an inhalation challenge confirmed the diagnosis.
Implications:
- This case highlights Aspergillus niger as a potential cause of occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
- Environmental assessment and antigen identification are vital in diagnosing and treating HP.
- Preventive measures, including environmental control and personal protective equipment, are essential for at-risk workers.