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Related Experiment Videos

Function of opioids in the enteric nervous system.

J D Wood1, J J Galligan

  • 1Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. wood.13@osu.edu

Neurogastroenterology and Motility
|September 11, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Opiates like morphine affect gastrointestinal function by altering motility and secretion. Understanding the enteric nervous system is key to managing opioid side effects and therapeutic actions on the digestive tract.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Opiates, such as morphine, are known to cause constipation by affecting gastrointestinal motility and secretion.
  • These effects are mediated through actions on the enteric nervous system, which controls digestive functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the integrated physiological and cellular neurobiological systems underlying opioid actions in the digestive tract.
  • To explain how opioid agonists and antagonists impact gastrointestinal functions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the neurophysiology of the enteric nervous system.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms of neural control of gastrointestinal smooth muscle, secretory glands, and vasculature.

Main Results:

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  • Opiates delay gastric emptying and intestinal transit.
  • Opiates suppress intestinal secretion of water and electrolytes.
  • Opiates reduce bile transport into the duodenum.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the enteric nervous system is crucial for comprehending opioid effects on the digestive tract.
  • Knowledge of these mechanisms aids in managing adverse effects and therapeutic benefits of opioid receptor blockers.