Toward an understanding of the interaction between filarial parasites and host antigen-presenting cells

Lymphatic filarial infection, from an immunologic point of view, is one of the most complex parasite infections. Not only are there different clinical manifestations that reflect differing immune responses, but the parasite's multiple stages, each with distinct anatomic tropism, add a compartmental layer of complexity to an already complicated process. Moreover, these parasites have finely tuned immune evasion strategies that enable escape from the innate immune system. As different stages of the parasite interact with different types of antigen-presenting cells that, in turn, may play a significant role in shaping the subsequent adaptive immune response, the focus of this review is to provide insight into the interaction between filarial parasites and antigen-presenting cells with an eye toward understanding how they influence parasite antigen-driven T-cell responses.