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Fertilization

During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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A Tissue Culture Model of Estrogen-producing Primary Bovine Granulosa Cells
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Alterations of FSH-stimulated progesterone production and calcium homeostasis in primarily cultured human

Jun He1, Jianfeng Chen, Ru Liu

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Applied Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, 210029, China.

Toxicology
|September 15, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Fenvalerate, an endocrine disruptor, inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone-stimulated progesterone production in human ovarian cells. It disrupts calcium homeostasis, potentially impacting ovarian steroidogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Toxicology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Fenvalerate is a widely used synthetic pyrethroid pesticide.
  • Concerns exist regarding its potential endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) properties.
  • Its impact on human ovarian granulosa cells requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of fenvalerate on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-stimulated progesterone (P4) production in human ovarian luteinizing-granulosa cells (hGLCs).
  • To explore the role of calcium and calmodulin in fenvalerate's effects on steroidogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • hGLCs were incubated with fenvalerate and FSH.
  • Progesterone and cAMP levels were measured.
  • Effects on calcium and calmodulin concentrations were assessed using fluorescent indicators and immunofluorescence.

Main Results:

  • Fenvalerate significantly inhibited FSH-stimulated P4 and cAMP production.
  • Fenvalerate exposure led to increased intracellular calcium and calmodulin levels in hGLCs.
  • The results suggest calcium and calmodulin mediate fenvalerate's impact on steroidogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Fenvalerate inhibits FSH-stimulated progesterone production in hGLCs.
  • Fenvalerate disrupts calcium homeostasis and calmodulin levels in these cells.
  • The findings indicate fenvalerate's potential to interfere with ovarian steroidogenesis via calcium signaling pathways.