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Related Experiment Videos

Reducing methane emissions in sheep by immunization against rumen methanogens.

A D G Wright1, P Kennedy, C J O'Neill

  • 1CSIRO Livestock Industries, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia, Perth 6913, Australia. andre-denis.wright@csiro.au

Vaccine
|September 15, 2004
PubMed
Summary

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This study investigated anti-methanogen vaccines for sheep, finding no significant methane reduction with the tested vaccine formulations. Antibody responses varied, and the sulphur-hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique did not correlate with respiration chamber measurements for methane abatement.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Animal Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Methane (CH4) emissions from livestock, particularly sheep, contribute to greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Vaccination strategies targeting methanogens are being explored to mitigate enteric methane production.
  • Accurate measurement of methane emissions is crucial for evaluating abatement strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of two anti-methanogen vaccine formulations (VF) in reducing methane emissions from sheep.
  • To compare methane emission measurements obtained from a closed-circuit respiration chamber and the sulphur-hexafluoride (SF6) tracer technique.
  • To evaluate the immune response (IgG and IgA titres) to the vaccine formulations.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty mature wether sheep were divided into three groups: control (adjuvant only), VF3 + 3 (3-methanogen mix), and VF7 + 3 (7-methanogen mix followed by 3-methanogen mix).

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  • Methane emissions were measured using a closed-circuit respiration chamber and the SF6 tracer technique post-vaccination.
  • Antibody titres (IgG and IgA) in plasma and saliva were measured at specified intervals.

    • Main Results:

    • The VF7 + 3 group showed a 7.7% reduction in methane per kg dry matter intake, but this was not statistically significant compared to controls (P = 0.051).
    • No significant difference in overall methane emissions was observed between the VF7 + 3 group and the control group (P = 0.883).
    • The VF3 + 3 vaccine elicited significantly higher IgG and IgA antibody titres than the VF7 + 3 vaccine. SF6 tracer technique estimates were higher than respiration chamber estimates, with no significant correlation (R2 = 0.11).

    Conclusions:

    • The tested anti-methanogen vaccine formulations did not significantly reduce methane emissions in sheep under the study conditions.
    • The VF3 + 3 vaccine formulation induced a stronger antibody response compared to VF7 + 3.
    • Discrepancies between the SF6 tracer technique and respiration chamber methods highlight challenges in methane measurement validation.