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Related Experiment Videos

Parental craniofacial morphology in orofacial clefting.

G T McIntyre1, P A Mossey

  • 1Orthodontic Department, Dundee Dental Hospital and School, UK.

European Journal of Orthodontics
|September 16, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Parental craniofacial shape differs in individuals with orofacial clefting (OFC) compared to the non-cleft population. However, no significant shape differences were found between cleft lip and palate (CLP) and cleft palate (CP) groups, nor was there sexual dimorphism in parental OFC morphology.

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Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial Morphology
  • Genetics of Orofacial Clefting
  • Geometric Morphometrics

Background:

  • Orofacial clefting (OFC) is a common birth defect with complex etiology.
  • Previous studies using conventional methods show differences in parental craniofacial morphology.
  • Understanding parental craniofacial shape is crucial for identifying genes involved in OFC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and localize craniofacial skeletal shape differences in parents of children with OFC.
  • To compare shape differences between parents of children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) versus cleft palate (CP).
  • To assess for shape-related sexual dimorphism in parental craniofacial morphology in OFC.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case-control study using postero-anterior (PA) cephalograms.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed discriminant analysis of principal components of shape (PCS), Euclidean distance matrix analysis (EDMA), and thin-plate spline (TPS) analysis.
  • Analyzed 24 landmarks from 92 parents of children with non-syndromic OFC and 43 controls, using Procrustes superimposition.

    • Main Results:

    • Parental craniofacial shape significantly differed from the comparison group (PCS: P < 0.001; EDMA: P = 0.001).
    • Craniofacial shapes in CLP and CP parental groups were morphologically similar (PCS: P = 0.03; EDMA: P = 0.027).
    • No significant shape-related sexual dimorphism was observed in parental OFC morphology (PCS: P = 0.35; EDMA: P = 0.525).

    Conclusions:

    • Parental craniofacial shape in OFC is distinct from the non-cleft population.
    • Craniofacial shape does not differentiate between CLP and CP parental groups.
    • No sexual dimorphism in parental craniofacial morphology is evident in OFC cases based on PA cephalograms.