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Anatomical considerations of the radius
R P Van Riet1, F Van Glabbeek, P G Neale
1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA.
Clinical Anatomy (New York, N.Y.)
|September 18, 2004
Summary
This study measured cadaveric radius dimensions, revealing significant variability in radial torsion and length. Accurate radial head prosthesis implantation requires precise positioning due to these anatomical differences.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic surgery
- Anatomy
- Biomedical engineering
Background:
- Current radial head prostheses often lack anatomical basis.
- Significant variation in radial morphology contributes to this issue.
- Limited data exists on radius dimensions beyond the radial head.
Purpose of the Study:
- To measure dimensions and relationships of the proximal radius in cadavers.
- To provide anatomical data for improved radial head prosthesis design and implantation.
- To quantify radial torsion and angles for surgical reference.
Main Methods:
- Measurements of radial head, articulating surface, diaphysis, and distal radius on 27 cadaveric upper extremities.
- Calculation of angles between radial neck and diaphysis, and radial torsion.
- Reliability assessed through repeated measures by two observers.
Main Results:
- High variability in radial dimensions, particularly radial torsion (average 54°, range 23°-78°).
- Average radial length was 235 mm (range 207-269 mm).
- Average proximal diaphysis-neck angle was 17° (range 6°-28°).
Conclusions:
- Anatomical variability of the radius necessitates precise prosthesis placement.
- Development of instrumentation for accurate, reproducible implantation is crucial.
- Provided measurements can aid in the design of better radial implants.