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Magnetic resonance diffusion weighted imaging in cerebral fat embolism
G B Marshall1, V R Heale, L Herx
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB Canada.
Summary
Diffusion weighted imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient mapping enhances the detection of cerebral fat embolism. This technique shows infarcts more intensely than T2 sequences, aiding diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Radiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Cerebral fat embolism is a serious complication often diagnosed late.
- Conventional MRI sequences may not be sensitive enough for early detection.
Observation:
- Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping was utilized.
- Comparison was made with T2 weighted sequences at 24 hours post-symptom onset.
Findings:
- DWI/ADC mapping demonstrated infarcts secondary to fat emboli more intensely than T2 sequences.
- Embolic foci appeared hypointense on ADC maps, indicating restricted water diffusion and cytotoxic edema.
- This suggests cell death associated with fat emboli.
Implications:
- DWI/ADC mapping significantly increases sensitivity for detecting cerebral fat embolism.
- This technique represents a potentially crucial tool for the timely diagnosis of this condition.