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Estimation of antiphospholipid antibodies in a prospective longitudinal study of children with migraine
1Department of Allergology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia. tadej.avcin@siol.net
Insights
Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) were not more prevalent in children with migraine or tension-type headaches compared to healthy children. This suggests aPL are not a common cause of headaches in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are associated with thrombotic events and pregnancy complications.
- Their role in pediatric migraine is not well-established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and clinical significance of aPL in children experiencing migraine.
- To compare aPL levels in children with migraine, tension-type headache, and healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure anticardiolipin (aCL) and antibeta2 glycoprotein I (aβ2GPI) antibodies.
- Lupus anticoagulant (LA) was assessed using the dilute Russell viper venom time test.
- Study included 52 children with migraine, 22 with tension-type headache, and 61 healthy children.
Main Results:
- Persistently positive aPL were found in 16.3% of children with migraine and 16.7% with tension-type headache.
- Prevalence of aCL and aβ2GPI antibodies did not significantly differ between patient groups and healthy children.
- Lupus anticoagulant (LA) was not detected in any group.
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) is not elevated in an unselected group of children with migraine.
- While not a common finding, the potential role of aPL in individual pediatric migraine cases cannot be entirely ruled out.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in children with migraine. The values of anticardiolipin (aCL) and antibeta2 glycoprotein I (antibeta2GPI) antibodies were assayed by an ELISA method in 52 children with migraine and 22 children with tension-type headache. The control group consisted of 61 apparently healthy children at regular preventive visits. Two monoclonal beta2GPI dependent aCL (HCAL and EY2C9) were used as calibrators. Lupus anticoagulant (LA) was determined by a modified dilute Russell viper venom time test. Persistently positive aPL were observed during the follow-up in 16.3% of children with migraine (9.3% for aCL, 7.0% for antibeta2GPI and 0% for LA) and in 16.7% of children with tension-type headache (11.1% for aCL, 5.6% for antibeta2GPI and 0% for LA). The prevalence of aPL did not differ significantly between patient groups and healthy children. The prevalence of aPL does not appear to be increased in an unselected group of children with migraine, however, the possible role of aPL in individual cases of paediatric migraine can not be excluded.
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