Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 9, 2026

Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
Published on: July 8, 2025
Multiple system atrophy with macrosquare-wave jerks
Luisa Klotz1, Thomas Klockgether
1Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. luisaklotz@gmx.de
Abstract:
Macrosquare-wave jerks consist of high-amplitude saccadic intrusions occurring mainly during fixation that are observed in several disease entities, e.g., multiple sclerosis or parkinsonian syndromes, but very rarely in patients with multiple system atrophy. We present here a patient with multiple system atrophy exhibiting the oculomotor feature of macrosquare-wave jerks.
Insights
Macrosquare-wave jerks are rare in multiple system atrophy. This case study presents a patient with multiple system atrophy who exhibited these unusual eye movements.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
Background:
- Macrosquare-wave jerks are involuntary, high-amplitude eye movements during fixation.
- These saccadic intrusions are typically associated with neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis and parkinsonian syndromes.
Observation:
- The study details a rare case of macrosquare-wave jerks in a patient diagnosed with multiple system atrophy.
- This oculomotor feature is exceptionally uncommon in individuals with multiple system atrophy.
Findings:
- The patient with multiple system atrophy presented with the distinct neurological sign of macrosquare-wave jerks.
- This observation challenges the established understanding of the prevalence of macrosquare-wave jerks in neurological diseases.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of considering macrosquare-wave jerks in the differential diagnosis of neurological disorders.
- Further research is needed to understand the specific mechanisms linking macrosquare-wave jerks to multiple system atrophy.
More Related Videos
10:25Multi-system Monitoring for Identification of Seizures, Arrhythmias and Apnea in Conscious Restrained Rabbits
Published on: March 27, 2021
05:52Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
Published on: November 21, 2013
Related Concept Videos
Parkinson's Disease: Overview
Seizures: Classification
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
Narcolepsy
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...