[Inflammatory prostatic pseudotumor (fibromyxoid pseudosarcomatous tumor)]

To report one case of an exceptional benign prostatic pathology and its differential diagnosis with malignant tumors.

67-year-old male who suffers an acute urinary retention requiring bladder catheterization and subsequent negative catheter removal tests. Digital rectal examination showed a small prostate, adenomatous, without nodules. PSA was 1.01 ng/ml. The patient underwent transurethral resection of the prostate because of the persistence of urinary retention.

Pathologic study reported a hypercellular stroma, with a perivascularly distributed inflammatory infiltrate and myxoid stromal background with slightly atypical fusiform cells. Immunohistochemical studies showed positive staining of fusiform cells for vimentin and histiocytes in the lesion for CD68, and negative staining for cytokeratin. The final diagnosis was prostatic inflammatory pseudotumor.

In spite of being an unfrequent presentation it is important to take this benign lesion under consideration to avoid unnecessary aggressive radical complementary treatments.