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Related Experiment Videos

Verbal cues facilitate memory retrieval during infancy.

Harlene Hayne1, Jane Herbert

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. hayne@psy.otago.ac.nz

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|September 25, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Verbal cues significantly enhance memory retention in 18-month-old infants, particularly when provided during memory recall. This suggests language aids early memory retrieval, even before full speech fluency.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Infant Memory

Background:

  • Deferred imitation paradigms assess memory in pre-verbal infants.
  • The role of verbal cues in early memory development is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how verbal information influences memory retention in 18-month-old infants.
  • To determine if verbal cues affect encoding or retrieval processes.

Main Methods:

  • 18-month-olds participated in deferred imitation tasks with varying verbal cue conditions.
  • Infants were tested after a 4-week delay.
  • Conditions included full narration, empty narration, narration at encoding only, and narration at retrieval only.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Infants receiving full narration showed superior retention compared to those with empty narration.
  • Verbal cues at the time of encoding did not improve retention.
  • Verbal cues at retrieval significantly enhanced memory recall.

Conclusions:

  • Verbal cues enhance memory retrieval in infants, not encoding.
  • Language plays a crucial role in memory recall even in non-fluent speakers.
  • These findings highlight the impact of language on early cognitive development.