[Psychosomatic aspects of urogynaecology: model considerations on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy]

Disorders of micturition and other symptoms in the area of the lower urinary tract are frequent in gynaecological consultation. The uro-gynaecological clinical symptoms and diseases refer to the following syndromes: irritable bladder, recurrent cystitis, interstitial cystitis, urinary retention and forms of incontinence. In view of the great aetiological importance of depression and its psycho-neuroendocrine associations with urge symptoms correlating with oestrogen deficiency, the option of employing newer approaches, and also psychopharmacological approaches, must be considered. In the pathogenesis, the stress and conflict model offers approaches to explanation and treatment. The psychosomatically oriented diagnosis and treatment of symptoms and disorders of the lower urinary tract in women is primarily the task of the gynaecologist, who has to go beyond investigations for organic diseases and must also clarify and treat the psychological dimensions. If there is major psychiatric comorbidity, referral to a doctor specialising in psychotherapeutic medicine and psychotherapy is required, or to a specialist in psychiatry and psychotherapy in the case of clinical and neurophysiological implications and symptoms from the depressive spectrum.