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Patulin-induced cellular toxicity: a vital fluorescence study.
R C Burghardt1, R Barhoumi, E H Lewis
1Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4458.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
|February 1, 1992
Summary
Patulin mycotoxin depletes cellular glutathione (GSH) and impairs mitochondrial function, leading to toxicity. This study reveals patulin
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Patulin is a mycotoxin with known toxicity.
- Understanding patulin's cellular mechanisms is crucial for risk assessment.
- Vital fluorescence bioassays offer sensitive detection of cellular changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the mechanisms of patulin-induced cellular toxicity.
- To investigate patulin's effects on cellular glutathione, mitochondrial function, intracellular pH, calcium influx, and intercellular communication.
Main Methods:
- Utilized vital fluorescence bioassays including monochlorobimane, 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate, rhodamine 123, 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein, indo-1, fluo-3, and carboxyfluorescein photobleaching.
- Examined immortalized rat granulosa cells, liver (Clone 9), and renal (LLC-PK1) cell lines.
- Assessed dose- and time-dependent effects of patulin exposure.
Main Results:
- Patulin caused dose- and time-dependent depletion of cellular glutathione (GSH).
- Significant reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular pH was observed.
- Patulin induced calcium influx and reduced gap junction intercellular communication.
Conclusions:
- Fluorescence assays are sensitive indicators of patulin toxicity.
- Patulin toxicity involves direct effects on GSH levels and mitochondrial function.
- Plasma membrane integrity and intercellular communication are also affected by patulin.