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Intracellular glutathione levels in T cell subsets decrease in HIV-infected individuals.

F J Staal1, M Roederer, D M Israelski

  • 1Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA.

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
|February 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Intracellular glutathione (GSH) is lower in T cells of people with HIV, especially in later stages. This reduction in GSH may contribute to HIV infection and immunodeficiency.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Intracellular glutathione (GSH) regulates T-lymphocyte function and HIV transcription/replication.
  • Previous studies indicated GSH's role in modulating inflammatory cytokine signaling in HIV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify and compare intracellular GSH levels in immune cells of HIV-infected individuals and healthy controls.
  • To investigate the correlation between GSH levels and HIV disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Multiparameter Flow Cytometry (FACS) was used to analyze GSH levels.
  • Immune cell subsets (CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, monocytes) were analyzed from 134 HIV+ individuals and 31 controls.

Main Results:

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  • HIV+ individuals showed significantly lower GSH levels in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells compared to controls.
  • GSH levels were most significantly decreased in advanced HIV infection stages (AIDS and ARC patients).
  • In AIDS patients, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell GSH were 63% and 62% of normal, respectively.

    • Conclusions:

    • Reduced intracellular GSH is a characteristic of HIV infection, particularly in advanced stages.
    • Low GSH levels in T cells may be a significant factor in HIV pathogenesis and the development of immunodeficiency.