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Minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in children
1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan.
Insights
Sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) in children aged 3-5 years was determined to be 2.49%. This value is higher than in adults, impacting pediatric anesthesia protocols.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pediatric Pharmacology
Background:
- Minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) is a key measure of anesthetic potency.
- Understanding MAC variations in pediatric populations is crucial for safe anesthesia administration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the MAC of sevoflurane in children aged 3-5 years.
- To compare pediatric sevoflurane MAC with adult values and other volatile anesthetics.
Main Methods:
- Twenty children (3-5 years old) were enrolled.
- The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane was determined using a standardized clinical method.
- The anesthetic ED95 was also calculated.
Main Results:
- The MAC of sevoflurane in children aged 3-5 years was found to be 2.49% (SE 0.08%).
- This pediatric MAC is significantly greater than previously determined adult MAC values.
- The ratio of MAC values between children and adults for sevoflurane aligns with findings for enflurane and isoflurane, but not halothane.
- The anesthetic ED95 was 2.88%.
Conclusions:
- Pediatric MAC for sevoflurane is higher than in adults.
- These findings have implications for sevoflurane dosing in pediatric anesthesia.
- The comparative MAC ratios suggest anesthetic-specific age-related differences in potency.
Abstract:
We have determined the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) value of sevoflurane in 20 children, of both sexes, aged 3-5 yr. MAC was found to be 2.49 (SE 0.08)%, which was greater than that of adults in our previous study. The ratio of MAC values between children and adults is similar to that reported elsewhere for enflurane and isoflurane, but not for halothane. The anaesthetic ED95 that prevented 95% of patients from moving was 2.88%.