Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 24, 2026

Isolation and Expansion of Cytotoxic Cytokine-induced Killer T Cells for Cancer Treatment
Published on: January 24, 2020
The CySF-L2 factor from dialysable human leucocyte extract activates natural killer cytotoxicity by induction of
1Friedrich-Miescher-Laboratorium, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Abstract:
The mechanism of natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity activation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by CySF-L2 was elucidated. CySF-L2 is a cytotoxicity-stimulating factor isolated from dialysable human leucocyte extract, which activates NK cytotoxicity against NK-sensitive and insensitive tumour cells (K562; Daudi; Raji; MOLT4) when preincubated with effector cells for 72 h. CySF-L2-mediated activation was synergistic to interleukin-2(IL-2)-mediated activation of NK cytotoxicity. Induction of interferon gamma (IFN gamma) release was the crucial step during CySF-L2-mediated NK cytotoxicity activation since enhancement of NK activity was completely blocked when anti-IFN gamma antibodies were present during treatment of PBMC. Anti-IFN alpha, anti-TNF alpha (tumour necrosis factor alpha) anti-IL-1 and anti-IL-2 antibodies showed no blocking effect. Analysis of the supernatant culture medium after 72 h incubation of PBMC and their highly purified subpopulations demonstrated that CySF-L2 induced release of IFN gamma from CD3+T cells and CD56+CD3- NK cells and of TNF alpha and prostaglandin E2 from monocytes. CySF-L2 was also capable of activating NK cytotoxicity of highly purified (98%) CD56+CD3- NK cells as well as of monocytes (94% pure). Cell cooperation studies connected with analysis of cytokine release and enhancement of NK cytotoxicity indicated that CySF-L2 might play an essential role in the up and down regulation of NK cytotoxicity by the cytokine network.
Related Concept Videos
Cells of the Innate Immune Response
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

