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[Antiemetics and its clinical evaluations].

H Furue1

  • 1Dept. of Internal Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University, School of Medicine, Japan.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|March 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting can be better managed with new antiemetic drugs, like 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonists. These agents offer improved safety and effectiveness, significantly benefiting cancer patients undergoing treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trials

Context:

  • Chemotherapy often causes severe nausea and vomiting.
  • Current antiemetic regimens, including metoclopramide, are not fully effective against highly emetogenic agents like cisplatin.
  • New antiemetic classes are crucial for improving patient quality of life during cancer treatment.

Purpose:

  • To review the efficacy of antiemetic drugs for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).
  • To highlight the potential of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonists as a new class of antiemetics.
  • To discuss methodologic considerations in antiemetic clinical trials.

Summary:

  • High-dose metoclopramide was an early treatment for cisplatin-induced vomiting.
  • 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonists show promise as safe and effective antiemetics, with both prophylactic and interventional uses.
  • These newer agents lack significant adverse effects like extrapyramidal reactions.

Impact:

  • Substantial control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is achievable.
  • Improved antiemetic strategies enhance patient well-being and tolerance of cancer therapy.
  • Further research and refined use of antiemetics are key to optimizing CINV management.

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