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Transient and oscillatory granular shear flow.

Masahiro Toiya1, Justin Stambaugh, Wolfgang Losert

  • 1Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 28, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Granular shear flow behavior depends on prior shear direction. Reversing the shear direction causes compaction and wide shear bands, with repeated reversals leading to further compaction.

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Understanding granular material behavior under shear is crucial for various industrial applications.
  • Transient and oscillatory shear phenomena in granular flows are complex and not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the forces and particle motion in granular materials subjected to transient and oscillatory shear.
  • To determine the influence of prior shear direction on the initiation and evolution of granular shear flow.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Taylor-Couette-type shear cell for controlled shear experiments.
  • Employed three-dimensional confocal imaging to visualize particle rearrangements during shear reversal.

Main Results:

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  • Granular shear flow initiation is highly dependent on the preceding shear direction.
  • Shear reversal induces a transient phase characterized by material compaction, reduced shear force, and a wide shear band.
  • Bulk and surface particle flows are comparable during shear reversal.
  • Repeated shear reversals lead to additional compaction, following a stretched exponential behavior.

Conclusions:

  • The directionality of shear significantly impacts granular material response.
  • Shear reversal in granular materials leads to distinct transient behaviors and cumulative compaction.
  • The observed compaction kinetics resemble those induced by tapping, suggesting underlying universal mechanisms.