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Anomalously slow phase transitions in self-gravitating systems.

I Ispolatov1, M Karttunen

  • 1Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 302, Correo 2, Santiago, Chile.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|September 28, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Self-gravitating systems exhibit slow collapse dynamics due to poor energy exchange between core and halo particles. Increasing the soft-core radius accelerates this collapse, impacting astrophysical and phase transition kinetics.

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Area of Science:

  • Statistical mechanics
  • Astrophysics
  • Computational physics

Background:

  • Self-gravitating systems are fundamental in astrophysics and statistical mechanics.
  • Understanding collapse and explosion transitions is key to modeling cosmic structure formation and phase transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the kinetics of collapse and explosion transitions in microcanonical self-gravitating ensembles.
  • To investigate the factors influencing the anomalously long collapse times observed in these systems.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated a system of point particles with a soft Coulomb potential in a spherical container.
  • Analyzed the timescales of collapse relative to velocity relaxation.
  • Investigated the effect of varying the soft-core radius on collapse dynamics.

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Main Results:

  • Collapse times were found to be significantly longer (10^3 - 10^4 particle crossing times) than velocity relaxation.
  • Collapse time decreased rapidly with increasing soft-core radius.
  • Anomalously long collapse times are attributed to slow energy exchange between the compact core and the dilute halo.

Conclusions:

  • The rate of energy exchange, exponentially dependent on mode frequencies, dictates collapse speed.
  • Adjusting the soft-core radius alters core and halo frequencies, thereby accelerating collapse.
  • Findings have implications for astrophysical system evolution and the kinetics of phase transitions.