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Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

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Anomalously slow phase transitions in self-gravitating systems.

I Ispolatov¹, M Karttunen

¹Departamento de Fisica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 302, Correo 2, Santiago, Chile.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|September 28, 2004

Summary

Self-gravitating systems exhibit slow collapse dynamics due to poor energy exchange between core and halo particles. Increasing the soft-core radius accelerates this collapse, impacting astrophysical and phase transition kinetics.

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Area of Science:

Statistical mechanics
Astrophysics
Computational physics

Background:

Self-gravitating systems are fundamental in astrophysics and statistical mechanics.
Understanding collapse and explosion transitions is key to modeling cosmic structure formation and phase transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the kinetics of collapse and explosion transitions in microcanonical self-gravitating ensembles.
To investigate the factors influencing the anomalously long collapse times observed in these systems.

Main Methods:

Simulated a system of point particles with a soft Coulomb potential in a spherical container.
Analyzed the timescales of collapse relative to velocity relaxation.
Investigated the effect of varying the soft-core radius on collapse dynamics.

Main Results:

Collapse times were found to be significantly longer (10^3 - 10^4 particle crossing times) than velocity relaxation.
Collapse time decreased rapidly with increasing soft-core radius.
Anomalously long collapse times are attributed to slow energy exchange between the compact core and the dilute halo.

Conclusions:

The rate of energy exchange, exponentially dependent on mode frequencies, dictates collapse speed.
Adjusting the soft-core radius alters core and halo frequencies, thereby accelerating collapse.
Findings have implications for astrophysical system evolution and the kinetics of phase transitions.