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Detection of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Haematological Malignancy Patients by using Lateral-flow Technology
Published on: March 22, 2012
Treatment of invasive Aspergillosis in children with hematologic malignancies
Walid Abuhammour1, Rashed A Hasan
1Pediatric Infectious Disease, Hurley Medical Center, Michigan State University, Hurley Medical Center, Flint, Michigan 48503, USA. wabuham1@hurleymc.com
Abstract:
The respiratory tract is the most common organ involved with Aspergillosis in children with hematologic malignancies. Also Aspergillus species tend to invade blood vessels resulting in systemic dissemination to multiple organs. Early diagnosis and treatment are pivotal to the patient's outcome. A high index of suspicion should be maintained in children who have profound neutropenia and present with prolonged fever that is unresponsive to systemic antibiotics. Several diagnostic modalities should be used simultaneously in order to confirm the diagnosis in an expedited manner. Combination and sequential antifungal therapy have been shown to be of added benefit. Surgical intervention is associated with a high mortality rate, but may be indicated in children with a localized disease. In this article the authors review the epidemiology, microbiology, pathology, and clinical manifestations of invasive aspergillosis in children with hematologic malignancies. Current diagnostic approach, medical, and surgical treatment options are discussed.
Insights
Invasive Aspergillosis is a serious fungal infection in children with hematologic malignancies, often affecting the respiratory tract. Early diagnosis and combined antifungal therapy are crucial for improving outcomes in these vulnerable patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology
- Infectious Diseases
- Mycology
Background:
- Aspergillosis is a significant opportunistic infection in immunocompromised children, particularly those with hematologic malignancies.
- The respiratory tract is the most frequent site of infection, with a high risk of systemic dissemination through angioinvasion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, microbiology, pathology, and clinical manifestations of invasive aspergillosis in pediatric hematologic malignancy patients.
- To discuss current diagnostic strategies, medical treatments, and surgical options for this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on invasive aspergillosis in children with hematologic malignancies.
- Synthesis of information regarding diagnostic modalities, antifungal therapies, and surgical interventions.
Main Results:
- A high index of suspicion is necessary for early detection in neutropenic children with prolonged fever.
- Simultaneous use of multiple diagnostic methods aids expedited diagnosis.
- Combination or sequential antifungal therapy offers added benefits.
Conclusions:
- Prompt diagnosis and multifaceted treatment, including antifungal therapy, are critical for managing invasive aspergillosis in pediatric hematologic malignancy patients.
- Surgical intervention is reserved for localized disease due to high mortality risks.
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