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Risk factors predisposing to abruptio placentae. Maternal and fetal outcome
Saad E Dafallah1, Hayder E Babikir
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Medani, Sudan.
Saudi Medical Journal
|September 28, 2004
Summary
Abruptio placentae, a major cause of perinatal death, is linked to maternal diabetes, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and polyhydramnios. Infants born with this condition face increased risks of low birth weight and poor Apgar scores.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Perinatal Medicine
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Background:
- Abruptio placentae is a significant contributor to perinatal mortality and morbidity.
- It is also a recognized cause of low birth weight infants.
- Understanding risk factors and outcomes is crucial for improving neonatal care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the risk factors associated with abruptio placentae.
- To evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes in cases of abruptio placentae.
- To analyze a large population-based dataset for these associations.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted using data from Wad Medani Teaching Hospital, Sudan (1997-2002).
- Included were all cases of abruptio placentae and their infants (live birth or stillbirth).
- Live-born infants were followed for one month to assess neonatal mortality.
Main Results:
- The incidence of abruptio placentae was 6.5% (1028 cases out of 15620 births).
- Stillbirths and first-month deaths combined were 20.2%.
- Abruptio placentae was associated with pre-eclampsia, diabetes, polyhydramnios, and hypertension; parity and maternal age were not significant factors.
Conclusions:
- Maternal diabetes, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and polyhydramnios are identified as increased risk factors for abruptio placentae.
- Infants born following abruptio placentae had lower Apgar scores and were small for gestational age.
- Clinicians should consider abruptio placentae in pregnant women with these risk factors and manage cases in specialized centers.