Once-daily propranolol extended-release tablet dosage form: formulation design and in vitro/in vivo investigation

The purpose of this study was to develop and optimize the propranolol once-daily extended release formulations containing HPMC, Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and lactose. In vitro studies, the response surface methodology and multiple response optimization utilizing the polynomial equation were used to search for the optimal formulation with specific release rate at different time intervals. The constrained mixture experimental design was used to prepare systematic model formulations, which were composed of three formulation variables: the content of HPMC (X(1)) MCC (X(2)) and lactose (X(3)). The drug release percent at 1.5, 4, 8, 14 and 24 h were the target responses and were restricted to 15-30, 35-55, 55-75, 75-90 and 90-110%, respectively. The results showed that the optimized formulation provided a dissolution pattern equivalent to the predicted curve, which indicated that the optimal formulation could be obtained using response surface methodology. The mechanism of drug release from HMPC matrix tablets followed non-Fickian diffusion. In the vivo study, the MRT was prolonged for matrix tablets when compared with commercial immediate release tablets. Furthermore, a linear relationship between in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption was observed in the beagle dogs.