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The interface between retained roots and dental implants: a histologic study in baboons.

Jonathan L Gray1, Arthur R Vernino

  • 1Indiana University School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontics Program, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5186, USA. Jlgray36@yahoo.com

Journal of Periodontology
|October 1, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Dental implants placed near or into retained root fragments showed no inflammation. This inadvertent placement may promote cementum-like material on the implant surface, indicating successful osseointegration.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Implantology
  • Periodontology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Study derived from prior research on implant efficacy in baboons.
  • Observed inadvertent placement of implants near or into retained root tips.
  • Investigated the consequences of such accidental implant positioning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of unintentional root form implant placement into or near retained root fragments.
  • To assess the biological response and osseointegration in these specific conditions.

Main Methods:

  • 120 teeth with dilacerated apices were extracted from 10 baboons.
  • Root form implants were placed in healed extraction sites.
  • Sites were either loaded or left unloaded; histological examination was performed.

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Main Results:

  • Implants placed through or near retained root fragments or periodontal ligaments performed well.
  • No histological inflammation was observed at any implant site.
  • Calcified material deposition on implants was noted, potentially bone or cementum.

Conclusions:

  • Unintentional placement of dental implants into retained root fragments does not cause inflammation.
  • This placement may stimulate cementum or a cementum-like matrix on titanium surfaces adjacent to the retained root tip's periodontal ligament.