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Related Experiment Videos

Mitochondrial enzymes in schizophrenia.

Parvesh Bubber1, Jicheng Tang, Vahram Haroutunian

  • 1Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Weill Medical College of Cornell University at Burke Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA.

Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : MN
|October 1, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Schizophrenia patients show normal levels of key mitochondrial enzymes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). While some subgroup abnormalities exist, widespread reductions in enzymes like PDHC and KGDHC are not characteristic of schizophrenia, unlike neurodegenerative diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Brain metabolism and blood flow are reduced in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of schizophrenia patients.
  • Diminished metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases is linked to reduced mitochondrial enzyme activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if reduced mitochondrial enzyme activity contributes to metabolic changes in schizophrenia.
  • To compare the activities of key mitochondrial enzymes in the DLPFC of schizophrenia patients and controls.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHC) were measured.
  • DLPFC tissue samples were obtained from 26 schizophrenia patients and 13 healthy controls.

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  • Enzyme activities were analyzed in relation to age, postmortem interval, and cognitive scores.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall, PDHC, aconitase, ICDH, and KGDHC activities were similar between schizophrenia patients and controls.
    • No significant correlation was found between cognitive scores and the activities of these mitochondrial enzymes.
    • A subgroup of schizophrenia patients exhibited very low or undetectable activities for aconitase, KGDHC, and ICDH.

    Conclusions:

    • Widespread reductions in key mitochondrial enzymes are not a common feature of schizophrenia, distinguishing it from many neurodegenerative diseases.
    • Abnormalities in brain mitochondria may be present in a subgroup of schizophrenia patients.
    • Further research is needed to understand the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in specific schizophrenia patient subgroups.