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Pituitary function in Down's syndrome.

J C Murdoch, C A Gray, D G McLarty

    Journal of Mental Deficiency Research
    |December 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Patients with Down syndrome and suspected hypothyroidism do not show pituitary deficiency. Studies found adequate Human Growth Hormone response and no significant difference in Lutenising Hormone and Follicle Stimulating Hormone levels compared to controls.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Genetics
    • Pediatrics

    Background:

    • Down syndrome is associated with an increased risk of endocrine disorders, including hypothyroidism.
    • Secondary hypothyroidism, resulting from pituitary insufficiency, is a potential concern in these patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate pituitary function in individuals with Down syndrome suspected of secondary hypothyroidism.
    • To determine if pituitary hypofunction contributes to hypothyroidism in Down syndrome.

    Main Methods:

    • Pituitary function was assessed in 16 patients (8 male, 8 female) with Down syndrome.
    • Tests included evaluating the response of Human Growth Hormone (HGH) to hypoglycemia.
    • Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation were also measured.

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    Main Results:

    • All patients demonstrated an adequate HGH response to hypoglycemia.
    • LH and FSH responses were not significantly different from age- and sex-matched institutionalized controls.
    • No evidence of pituitary hypofunction was found in the studied population.

    Conclusions:

    • The hypothyroidism observed in some Down syndrome patients is unlikely to be caused by pituitary hypofunction.
    • These findings suggest that general pituitary deficiency is not a characteristic feature of Down syndrome.
    • Further research may be needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms of hypothyroidism in Down syndrome.