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Arsenolipids.

Valery M Dembitsky1, Dmitrii O Levitsky

  • 1Department of Organic Chemistry, P.O. Box 39231, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91391, Israel. dvalery@cc.huji.ac.il

Progress in Lipid Research
|October 2, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Natural arsenolipids, arsenic-containing lipid analogues, are found across diverse organisms. This review details their structures, origins, and significant biological activities, including anti-cancer and anti-parasitic effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Marine Biology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Arsenolipids are natural lipid analogues found in various organisms, from microorganisms to fish.
  • They are implicated as end products of arsenic detoxification pathways.
  • Their presence spans diverse ecological niches, including marine environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structures and derivatives of natural arsenolipids.
  • To explore the distribution and biogenesis of arsenolipids in algae and invertebrates.
  • To summarize the synthesis and biological activities of arsenolipids.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on arsenolipids.
  • Analysis of reported structures, distribution, and biogenesis pathways.
  • Compilation of data on biological activities and therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • Arsenolipids exhibit diverse structures and are widespread in nature.
  • Biogenesis involves arsenic detoxification via reduction, methylation, and adenosylation.
  • Identified intermediates are natural products of algal origin.
  • Arseno species inhibit glycerol kinase and carbonic anhydrase.
  • Arsenolipids show promise in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia and other cancers.
  • Arsonoliposomes possess potent anti-trypanosomal activity.

Conclusions:

  • Arsenolipids represent a significant class of naturally occurring organoarsenic compounds.
  • Their biogenesis is linked to arsenic metabolism and detoxification in various organisms.
  • Arsenolipids demonstrate broad biological activities, suggesting potential therapeutic applications in oncology and infectious diseases.

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