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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2026

A Robust Pneumonia Model in Immunocompetent Rodents to Evaluate Antibacterial Efficacy against S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa or A. baumannii
09:17

A Robust Pneumonia Model in Immunocompetent Rodents to Evaluate Antibacterial Efficacy against S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa or A. baumannii

Published on: January 2, 2017

Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion.

E M Mandel1, M L Casselbrant

  • 1ENT Research Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. mandele@pitt.edu

Minerva Pediatrica
|October 2, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Routine antibiotic treatment for otitis media with effusion (OME) is not recommended due to high spontaneous cure rates and concerns about antimicrobial resistance. Short-term antibiotic use may benefit selected chronic OME cases or symptomatic children when surgery is delayed.

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A Robust Pneumonia Model in Immunocompetent Rodents to Evaluate Antibacterial Efficacy against S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa or A. baumannii
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09:52

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Published on: March 16, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Otolaryngology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Otitis media with effusion (OME) is asymptomatic middle-ear fluid without acute infection signs.
  • OME often resolves spontaneously, raising questions about treatment necessity.
  • High spontaneous cure rates and antimicrobial resistance complicate OME management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical trials on the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy for OME.
  • To evaluate the short-term and long-term effectiveness of antibiotics in OME treatment.
  • To provide evidence-based recommendations for antibiotic use in OME.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of clinical trials on antimicrobial therapy for OME.
  • Studies categorized into antibiotic vs. no treatment, placebo, other antibiotics, and prophylaxis.
  • Analysis of study designs, definitions, and quality to assess treatment efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Antimicrobial treatment shows a trend toward short-term efficacy for OME.
  • Long-term efficacy of antibiotics for OME is doubtful.
  • Studies indicate routine antibiotic use for OME is not warranted.

Conclusions:

  • Routine antimicrobial treatment for OME is not recommended due to resistance and natural cure rates.
  • Antibiotics may be beneficial for selected chronic OME cases (≥3 months bilateral, ≥6 months unilateral) prior to surgery.
  • Short-term antibiotic courses can offer temporary relief for symptomatic children when surgery is postponed or contraindicated.