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Mycoplasma otitis in California calves
Catherine G Lamm1, Linda Munson, Mark C Thurmond
1Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Summary
Mycoplasma otitis in calves is a growing concern, primarily affecting young dairy males. This retrospective study highlights increasing cases and concurrent pneumonia, stressing the need for risk factor identification.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pathology
- Bovine Medicine
- Microbiology
Background:
- Mycoplasma otitis is a significant health issue in young cattle.
- Understanding its epidemiology and pathology is crucial for disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the demographic features and pathological findings of Mycoplasma otitis in California calves.
- To analyze trends and seasonal distribution of the disease.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of necropsy records from 1993-2002.
- Identification of Mycoplasma otitis cases in 20,525 necropsied cattle.
- Isolation and identification of Mycoplasma species from affected ears.
Main Results:
- Sixty-one cases of Mycoplasma otitis were identified in calves aged 2 weeks to 4 months, predominantly dairy breeds (92%).
- A higher incidence was observed in males (0.45%) versus females (0.23%).
- Cases increased from 1993-2002, with peak incidence in spring; concurrent pneumonia occurred in 77% of cases. Mycoplasma species isolated included M. bovis, M. bovirhinis, and M. alkalescens.
Conclusions:
- Mycoplasma otitis is an increasing problem in calves, particularly dairy males.
- The disease involves severe suppurative inflammation with bony involvement and is often associated with pneumonia.
- Further research into modifiable risk factors is essential to reduce incidence.