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Updated: Aug 21, 2026

Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation
Published on: December 13, 2024
Pharmacological alternatives for the alleviation of back pain
1University of Newcastle and Department of Clinical Research, Royal Newcastle Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales 2300, Australia. mgillam@mail.newcastle.edu.au.
Abstract:
Drugs constitute a convenient option for low back pain and are commonly used. However, evidence for their efficacy is meagre. Many drugs used for back pain are no more, or only slightly more, effective than placebos. Others have side effects that outweigh their usefulness in relieving pain. On the basis of the evidence, no drug regimen can be legitimately recommended for back pain. The management of back pain requires measures other than drugs. One exception is the use of willow (Salix) bark for acute exacerbation of pain. Ironically, for chronic low back pain, the most effective and long-lasting outcomes have been documented for normal saline by injection into tender points in the lumbar spine.
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