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Related Experiment Videos

Jail incarceration and birth outcomes.

Janice F Bell1, Frederick J Zimmerman, Mary Lawrence Cawthon

  • 1Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. jfbell@u.washington.edu

Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
|October 7, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Jail incarceration during pregnancy impacts infant birth weight and preterm birth, with risks varying by maternal age. Enhanced prenatal care and case management post-release can improve outcomes for incarcerated pregnant women.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal Health
  • Reproductive Health
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Jail incarceration during pregnancy is a growing concern.
  • Limited research exists on the specific birth outcomes for this vulnerable population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between jail incarceration during pregnancy and infant birth weight, preterm birth, and fetal growth restriction.
  • To investigate the modifying effect of maternal age on these relationships.
  • To assess the impact of postrelease interventions on perinatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Multivariate regression analyses were employed.
  • Compared 496 births to women incarcerated during pregnancy with 4,960 matched Medicaid-funded community controls.
  • Adjusted for potential confounding variables.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Jail incarceration was associated with increased odds of low birth weight and preterm birth for women up to age 39.
  • Women over 39 incarcerated during pregnancy had lower odds of adverse birth outcomes compared to controls.
  • Postrelease maternity case management decreased low birth weight odds; prenatal care decreased preterm birth odds.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal age modifies the relationship between jail incarceration and adverse birth outcomes.
  • Local jails present opportunities for public health interventions.
  • Enhanced prenatal health services for pregnant women released from jail may improve perinatal outcomes.