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UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...
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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
10:35

Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO

Published on: February 12, 2013

Polarization observations with the Cosmic Background Imager.

A C S Readhead1, S T Myers, T J Pearson

  • 1Owens Valley Radio Observatory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. acr@astro.caltech.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 9, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization observations detected E-mode polarization. The observed spectrum

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Astrophysics
  • Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

Background:

  • The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is a relic radiation from the early universe.
  • Understanding CMB polarization provides insights into cosmological parameters and early universe physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detect and characterize the E-mode polarization of the CMB.
  • To compare the angular power spectrum of CMB polarization with that of total intensity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Cosmic Background Imager (CBI) collected between September 2002 and May 2004.
  • Analyzed polarization observations of the CMB.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a significant detection of E-mode polarization in the CMB.
  • Observed an angular power spectrum of polarized emission with peaks and valleys.
  • Found that the phase of the polarization spectrum is shifted by half a cycle relative to the total intensity spectrum.

Conclusions:

  • The agreement in spectral phase supports the standard model of cosmology.
  • The findings are consistent with a universe dominated by dark matter and dark energy.
  • The results support a nearly flat geometry and adiabatic primordial density fluctuations, aligning with inflationary models.