Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 21, 2026

An Air-liquid Interface Bronchial Epithelial Model for Realistic, Repeated Inhalation Exposure to Airborne Particles for Toxicity Testing
Published on: May 13, 2020
Fluoride exposure and respiratory symptoms in welders
1Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Bengt.Sjogren@imm.ki.se
Abstract:
Welders inhale gases and respirable particles. To investigate the relationship between fluoride exposure and respiratory symptoms in welders using basic electrodes containing calcium fluoride, 63 railroad track welders were interviewed. Fluoride was measured in post-shift urine samples. Seventeen welders reported respiratory symptoms related to welding fume exposures. Respiratory symptoms were somewhat more common with increasing concentrations of fluoride in urine. The association between welding fume exposure and respiratory symptoms seems related more to fluorides than to other particles among welders using basic electrodes.
Related Concept Videos
Asthma III: Clinical Manifestations
Breathing
Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications
Classification of Asthma
Asthma-I: Introduction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Other Pulmonary Disorders
