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Contrasting mediating variables in two 5-a-day nutrition intervention programs.

Kim D Reynolds1, Donald B Bishop, Chih-Ping Chou

  • 1University of Southern California, Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research, Alhambra, CA 91803, USA. kdreynol@usc.edu

Preventive Medicine
|October 12, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Knowledge of the 5-a-day guideline for fruit and vegetable consumption may mediate intervention effects in school children. Further multi-site studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Science
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Meditional analysis is recommended for behavioral interventions to link theory with outcomes.
  • Meditional analyses are underreported in school-based nutrition studies.
  • Multi-site studies offer benefits for standardization and generalizability in meditional analyses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify mediators of school-based nutrition interventions for 4th graders.
  • To test variables against criteria for mediation of intervention effects on fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC).

Main Methods:

  • Employed meditional analysis on two school-based nutrition interventions.
  • Assessed FVC using 24-h dietary recalls in 4th graders (N=2106).
  • Utilized child and parent questionnaires to assess potential mediators.

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Main Results:

  • Knowledge of the 5-a-day guideline met all mediation criteria in Alabama (N=1584).
  • Knowledge and parent consumption met one criterion in Minnesota (N=522).
  • Knowledge explained 9.78% of the total intervention effect in Alabama.

Conclusions:

  • Knowledge of the 5-a-day guideline may mediate intervention effects on FVC.
  • Future research should incorporate meditional models in multi-site school nutrition studies.