Combating infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients

Infections with a diverse group of microorganisms remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Importantly, the epidemiology of infectious complications has shifted substantially with changes in antimicrobial prophylaxis, conditioning regimens and graft manipulation, such that invasive mould infections and late viral infections are now the over-riding concerns. New antivirals and antifungals have entered clinical practice and hold considerable promise for improved outcomes.