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Isoniazid acetylation phenotyping in Saudi Arabs
K M Matar1, A Y Mayet, E A Ayoola
1Department of Applied Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat. kamal@hsc.kuniv.edu.kw
Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
|October 16, 2004
Summary
Saudi Arabs exhibit a high prevalence of slow acetylator phenotypes, with 94.9% identified in this study. This finding is crucial for understanding drug metabolism in this population.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacogenetics
- Drug Metabolism
Background:
- Acetylation status influences drug efficacy and toxicity.
- Isoniazid (INH) is a key drug for tuberculosis treatment, and its metabolism varies among populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the acetylator phenotype prevalence in Saudi Arabs.
- To investigate the genetic basis of isoniazid acetylation in this population.
Main Methods:
- Phenotyping 136 Saudi Arabs using isoniazid (INH) acetylation.
- Determining the metabolic ratio (MR) from plasma acetyl-isoniazid (Ac-INH) to INH 3 hours post-dose.
- Applying Hardy-Weinberg Law to estimate allele frequencies.
Main Results:
- A high frequency of slow acetylators (94.9%) was observed, indicated by a metabolic ratio (MR) below 1.0.
- The MR distribution was bimodal, consistent with genetic polymorphism.
- The gene frequency for the slow acetylator allele was calculated as 0.97.
Conclusions:
- Isoniazid phenotyping reveals a predominantly slow acetylator population among Saudi Arabs.
- Acetylation status was not associated with age or gender in this cohort.
- These findings have implications for personalized medicine and tuberculosis treatment strategies in Saudi Arabia.