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Schistosomiasis protects against multiple sclerosis.

Anne Camille La Flamme1, Kanishka Canagasabey, Marina Harvie

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand. anne.laflamme@vuw.ac.nz

Memorias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
|October 16, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Schistosomiasis infection may protect against multiple sclerosis (MS). Studies show reduced central nervous system inflammation and delayed disease progression in mice with Schistosoma mansoni infection.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS).
  • Worldwide, MS incidence is inversely correlated with schistosomiasis prevalence, suggesting a protective role for schistosomiasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS.
  • To elucidate the immunological mechanisms underlying this potential protection.

Main Methods:

  • Mice were infected with Schistosoma mansoni and subsequently immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) to induce EAE.
  • Immune responses, including T cell profiles and CNS inflammatory cell infiltration, were analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Chronic Schistosoma mansoni infection significantly reduced the incidence and severity of EAE.
  • While auto-reactive Th1 responses were still induced, their magnitude was reduced in infected mice.
  • Crucially, CNS infiltration by inflammatory cells, especially macrophages, was markedly diminished in infected mice.

Conclusions:

  • Schistosoma mansoni infection confers protection against the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
  • Reduced macrophage activation and CNS infiltration appear to be key mechanisms mediating this protection.
  • These findings support the hypothesis that schistosomiasis may offer a protective effect against multiple sclerosis.