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Related Experiment Videos

Mannose binding lectin (MBL) and HIV.

Xin Ji1, Henry Gewurz, Gregory T Spear

  • 1Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Molecular Immunology
|October 19, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Mannose binding lectin (MBL) binds to HIV envelope proteins, offering a potential innate immune target. While MBL shows limited direct HIV neutralization, its interaction with viral glycans is crucial for immune recognition and potential therapeutic augmentation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Glycobiology

Background:

  • HIV-1 envelope proteins (gp120/gp41) are heavily glycosylated, posing challenges for antibody-based immunity.
  • Glycosylation presents a potential target for the innate immune system via mannose binding lectin (MBL).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between MBL and HIV, focusing on MBL's binding and neutralization capabilities.
  • To explore MBL's role in HIV recognition, complement activation, opsonization, and interaction with DC-SIGN.
  • To examine the clinical relevance of MBL levels in HIV disease and its impact on viral progression and transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of MBL binding to HIV, dependent on high-mannose glycans on gp120.
  • Assessment of MBL's direct neutralization of HIV, including enhancement by carbohydrate-modifying drugs.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Observation of complement activation and opsonization mediated by MBL binding to HIV.
  • Evaluation of MBL's effect on HIV-DC-SIGN interactions.
  • Review of clinical studies on MBL levels during HIV disease.

    • Main Results:

    • MBL binds to all tested HIV strains, primarily through high-mannose glycans on gp120.
    • Direct MBL neutralization of HIV is limited, particularly for primary isolates, but can be enhanced by specific drugs.
    • MBL mediates complement activation and opsonization of HIV, and blocks HIV-DC-SIGN interactions.
    • MBL levels increase during HIV disease, with equivocal effects on disease progression and transmission.

    Conclusions:

    • MBL represents a significant innate immune recognition mechanism for HIV due to its broad reactivity with viral strains.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate MBL's in vivo role in HIV clearance and to enhance its antiviral efficacy.