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Mitochondria01:37

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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
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Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
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Updated: Jan 6, 2026

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Blasts from the past.

Paul A Insel, Stuart Kornfeld, Philip W Majerus

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation (JCI) celebrates 80 years as a leading biomedical research publication. Former editors reflect on significant scientific advances reported in the JCI over eight decades.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Research
    • Translational Science
    • Medical Research Community

    Background:

    • The Journal of Clinical Investigation (JCI) is commemorating its 80th anniversary.
    • This milestone highlights the JCI's enduring significance in the biomedical research field.
    • The journal is recognized as a premier general-interest translational research publication.

    Observation:

    • Former JCI editors-in-chief have been invited to share their perspectives.
    • These reflections focus on pivotal scientific discoveries published in the JCI.
    • The contributions span eight decades of biomedical research advancements.

    Findings:

    • The JCI has consistently published groundbreaking research.
    • The journal has played a crucial role in advancing translational science.
    • Reflections underscore the JCI's impact on the biomedical research community.

    Implications:

    • The JCI's legacy is built on decades of impactful scientific reporting.
    • The journal continues to be a vital platform for disseminating significant biomedical findings.
    • Understanding the JCI's historical contributions provides insight into the evolution of medical research.