Comparison of the forearm and calf blood flow response to thermal stress during dynamic exercise

To examine the hypothesis that the skin blood flow response to body heating is not uniform over the entire body surface, we compared forearm (FBF) and calf (CBF) blood flow responses to an increase in core temperature (esophageal temperature, Tes) during dynamic exercise. We studied 13 physically active men during semi-recumbent one leg exercise and/or intermittent supine cycle exercise at 35 degrees C. During 30 min of one leg exercise, Tes, FBF, and CBF in the nonactive leg increased from 36.94 +/- 0.09 degrees C, 5.7 +/- 1.2, and 5.6 +/- 0.6 ml.(min.100 ml)-1 at rest to 37.97 +/- 0.10 degrees C, 27.0 +/- 2.4, and 11.1 +/- 0.8 ml.(min.100 ml)-1, respectively. The increase in blood flow per unit increase in Tes was much less in the calf than in the forearm. The ratio of the peak to resting blood flow averaged 6.5 in the forearm and 2.5 in the calf. During 60 min of intermittent supine two leg exercise, Tes, FBF, and CBF increased from 36.96 +/- 0.06 degrees C, 7.9 +/- 1.5, and 5.6 +/- 0.7 ml.(min.100 ml)-1 at rest to 37.91 +/- 0.07 degrees C, 23.6 +/- 3.0, and 11.4 +/- 1.9 ml.(min.100 ml)-1, respectively. Skin blood flow (SkBF) in the forearm and calf was estimated by using a simple cylindrical model, assuming skin thickness and resting muscle blood flow to be 0.2 cm and 2 ml.(min.100 ml)-1, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)