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Related Experiment Videos

Alkali-resistant bacteria in root canal systems.

K Nakajo1, F Nakazawa, M Iwaku

  • 1Division of Cariology, Department of Oral Health, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.

Oral Microbiology and Immunology
|October 20, 2004
PubMed
Summary

This study identified alkali-resistant bacteria in infected root canal dentin. Enterococcus species were the most common alkali-resistant bacteria found, thriving at high pH levels.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Endodontics
  • Bacterial Physiology

Background:

  • Infected root canals harbor diverse microbial communities.
  • Understanding bacterial resistance to alkaline conditions is crucial for endodontic treatment success.
  • Certain bacteria may survive and proliferate in the alkaline environment created by some root canal irrigants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and identify alkali-resistant bacteria from human infected root canal dentin.
  • To determine the prevalence and types of bacteria that can withstand high pH environments within root canals.

Main Methods:

  • Dentin samples from infected root canals were cultured on Brain Heart Infusion (BHI)-blood agar at varying pH levels (7.0, 9.0, 10.0).
  • Bacterial isolates were confirmed for alkali resistance by subculturing in BHI broth up to pH 11.0.

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  • Identification of alkali-resistant strains was performed using 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

    • Main Results:

    • Twenty-nine alkali-resistant bacterial strains were isolated from 15 out of 37 infected root canal dentin samples.
    • The majority of resistant strains (25) grew at pH 9.0, with 4 strains growing at pH 10.0.
    • Identified alkali-resistant bacteria included Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter cancerogenus, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Klebsiella ornithinolytica, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and several Streptococcus species.

    Conclusions:

    • A significant proportion of bacteria found in infected root canal dentin exhibit resistance to alkaline conditions (pH 9.0-10.0).
    • The genus Enterococcus, particularly Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis, are predominant alkali-resistant bacteria in this environment.
    • These findings highlight the potential for certain oral bacteria to survive challenging pH levels within root canals, impacting treatment outcomes.