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Consistent mapping and automatic visual search: comparing persons with and without intellectual disability.

E C Merrill1

  • 1University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.

Journal of Intellectual Disability Research : JIDR
|October 21, 2004
PubMed
Summary
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Individuals with intellectual disability (ID) showed similar automaticity in a visual search task regardless of response consistency. Those without ID were slowed by inconsistent responses, suggesting different inhibition processes.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Previous research indicates individuals with intellectual disability (ID) learn visual search tasks slower than peers without ID.
  • Automaticity in visual search develops fastest when stimulus-response mappings are consistent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if individuals with and without ID differ in sensitivity to consistently versus inconsistently mapped stimulus-response conditions in a visual search task.

Main Methods:

  • A visual search task was administered to 16 participants with ID and 16 without ID.
  • Stimulus-response mapping was manipulated: consistent (target always target) or inconsistent (target became nontarget 25% of trials).
  • Response times were analyzed in relation to display set size to assess automaticity development.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Automaticity, indicated by the elimination of set size effects, developed similarly for participants with ID under both consistent and inconsistent mapping conditions.
  • Participants without ID showed significantly slower automaticity development under inconsistent mapping compared to consistent mapping.

Conclusions:

  • Inhibition processes play a role in automatic visual search, with effectiveness influenced by stimulus-response consistency.
  • The greater impact of inconsistent mapping on individuals without ID suggests they utilize inhibition processes more effectively during learning.