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Updated: Aug 21, 2026

A Comprehensive Pipeline to Assess the Efficiency of Human Erythropoiesis In Vitro and Ex Vivo
Published on: January 10, 2025
Use of erythropoietin in heart failure management
Krista Caiola1, Judy W M Cheng
1Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Objective:
To review the use of erythropoietin for anemia in heart failure (HF).
Data Sources:
Peer-reviewed articles in MEDLINE (1966-June 2004) were identified and citations from available articles were reviewed using the search terms anemia, erythropoietin, and heart failure.
Data Synthesis:
Anemia worsens HF prognosis. Clinical studies in patients with New York Heart Association Class III/IV HF who had hemoglobin <12 mg/dL and were refractory to maximal medical management showed that erythropoietin improves symptoms. Larger scale studies with mortality endpoints are required to confirm the benefits.
Conclusions:
In selected patients with severe, chronic HF, erythropoietin may be considered for functional improvement. However, routine use of this treatment strategy is not recommended until more data are available.
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Erythropoiesis