Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 21, 2026

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
Published on: September 16, 2025
Will higher-Dk materials give better corneal refractive therapy results and fewer complications?
Randall Sakamoto1, Keiji Sugimoto
1private practice, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA. sakamoto@pixi.com
Purpose:
To evaluate the current status of materials in use for corneal refractive therapies.
Methods:
The most up-to-date data available on rigid gas-permeable (RGP) lenses, corneal swelling, and corneal infection are reviewed.
Results:
Despite 125 Dk/t units or greater, studies have shown differences in overnight swelling between RGP and silicone hydrogel materials. There is a small but significant overnight swelling with RGP lenses in this class when compared with silicone hydrogels, yet studies of Pseudomonas adherence to human epithelium have shown that RGP-wearing corneas bind the least bacteria.
Conclusions:
Corneal refractive therapies are on the verge of international acceptance as a standard alternative for treating refraction. Continually using newer, more permeable lens materials is a necessity to ensure safety, efficacy, and, in turn, long-term acceptance.

