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Related Experiment Videos

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity.

Guido Cavaletti1, Paola Marmiroli

  • 1Università di Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, v. Cadore 48, 20052 Monza (MI), Italia. guido.cavaletti@unimib.it

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
|October 27, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is a significant side effect of cancer drugs, impacting patient quality of life. This review covers CIPN from common and novel agents, and discusses potential neuroprotective strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is a prevalent and dose-limiting side effect of numerous antineoplastic drugs.
  • CIPN can significantly diminish cancer patients' quality of life and lead to chronic discomfort, even when not dose-limiting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of CIPN associated with widely used chemotherapy agents (platinum drugs, taxanes, vinca alkaloids).
  • To discuss the neurotoxicity of suramin and thalidomide in new clinical contexts.
  • To present emerging data on the neurotoxicity of novel antineoplastic agents like epothilones and proteasome inhibitors.
  • To summarize current data on neuroprotectants investigated for CIPN prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical studies and preclinical data on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity.

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  • Analysis of drug classes including platinum drugs, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, suramin, thalidomide, epothilones, and proteasome inhibitors.
  • Evaluation of studies on neuroprotectants aimed at preventing or mitigating CIPN.

    • Main Results:

    • CIPN incidence and severity vary widely based on the specific chemotherapy agent and treatment schedule.
    • Established chemotherapy drugs like platinum compounds, taxanes, and vinca alkaloids are significant causes of CIPN.
    • Emerging agents such as epothilones and proteasome inhibitors also present neurotoxic risks.
    • Various neuroprotective agents have been investigated, with ongoing research into their efficacy.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the neurotoxic profiles of diverse chemotherapy agents is crucial for managing patient care.
    • Early identification and management of CIPN are essential to maintain patient quality of life during cancer treatment.
    • Further research into effective neuroprotective strategies is warranted to mitigate the impact of CIPN.