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Related Experiment Videos

VEGF increases paracellular transport without altering the solvent-drag reflection coefficient.

Lucas DeMaio1, David A Antonetti, Russell C Scaduto

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of The City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA.

Microvascular Research
|October 27, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increases microvascular permeability by affecting common paracellular channels. VEGF enhances water and solute transport across endothelial cells without changing selectivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Endothelial biology
  • Vascular physiology
  • Cellular transport mechanisms

Background:

  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to increase microvascular permeability.
  • VEGF's role is implicated in various pathologies like diabetic retinopathy, hypoxia, and tumor growth.
  • The precise pathways for water and solute transport across the endothelium in response to VEGF are not fully elucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the transport pathways of water and solutes across bovine retinal endothelial cells (BREC) in response to VEGF.
  • To quantify the effects of VEGF on hydraulic conductivity (Lp) and dextran permeability (Pe).
  • To determine if VEGF alters the selectivity of the endothelial monolayer.

Main Methods:

  • Real-time measurements of BREC hydraulic conductivity (Lp), 70 kDa dextran permeability (Pe), and reflection coefficient (sigma).

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  • Application of a 10-cm H2O hydrostatic pressure gradient to induce water and solute fluxes.
  • Addition of 50 ng/ml VEGF to assess its impact on transport parameters.

    • Main Results:

    • VEGF significantly increased Lp by 4.3-fold and Pe by 3.0-fold after 110 minutes.
    • The reflection coefficient remained constant (~0.8), indicating no change in monolayer selectivity.
    • Water and dextran fluxes suggest the involvement of common paracellular channels.

    Conclusions:

    • VEGF enhances endothelial permeability by increasing the number or availability of paracellular channels.
    • These channels facilitate the transport of both water and 70 kDa dextran.
    • VEGF does not alter the selectivity of the retinal endothelial monolayer for 70 kDa dextran.