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Emerging enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains?

Tânia A T Gomes1, Kinue Irino, Dennys M Girão

  • 1Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil CEP 04023-062. tatgomes@ecb.br

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|October 27, 2004
PubMed
Summary

Certain Escherichia coli strains lacking key virulence factors were found in Brazilian patients. Despite lacking typical markers, some of these nonenteropathogenic E. coli strains may still cause diarrhea.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common bacterium with various strains, some causing disease.
  • Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) is a significant cause of diarrheal illness, particularly in children.
  • Virulence factors like the E. coli adherence factor (EAF) plasmid and Shiga toxin are crucial for EPEC pathogenicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of E. coli strains isolated from patients in Brazil.
  • To determine if E. coli strains lacking typical EPEC virulence factors could still be associated with diarrheal disease.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of E. coli strains from patients with and without diarrhea in Brazil.
  • Molecular analysis to detect the presence or absence of the eae gene, EAF plasmid, and Shiga toxin DNA sequences.

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Main Results:

  • E. coli strains belonging to nonenteropathogenic serogroups were isolated from diverse patient groups, including children, adults, and AIDS patients.
  • These strains possessed the eae gene but lacked the EAF plasmid and Shiga toxin DNA sequences.
  • Despite lacking these specific virulence markers, some isolates exhibited phenotypic and genotypic diversity suggesting potential diarrheagenic capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • E. coli strains lacking classical EPEC virulence factors can be found in clinical settings.
  • The presence of the eae gene alone, without the EAF plasmid or Shiga toxin, may be insufficient to define E. coli as non-diarrheagenic.
  • Further investigation is warranted to understand the pathogenic potential of these atypical E. coli strains.